Operating principle of touch switch

2021-07-23 379

  There are many kinds of touch switches, and the common ones are as follows:

  1. Mechanical touch switch: it is still the traditional button switch, but after improvement, the stroke is short and the pressing interval is small.

  2. Double piece conductive switch: the front end is two electrode pieces, and inside is an expanding circuit, which expands the current formed in the two electrode pieces when the finger touches, and drives the later stage circuit to complete the switch or control function.

  3. Single chip trigger switch: there is only one electrode at the front end. After touching, the human body receives the electromagnetic wave absorbed from space as an antenna and sends it to the circuit through the electrode. The circuit is a high gain expansion circuit, which can expand a small signal, and use this signal to trigger the subsequent circuit to complete the switching or control function. Due to the need of high input impedance to enlarge the small signal, this kind of circuit has weak static electricity ability and is easy to be damaged by static electricity.

  4. Resistance film or conductive film pressure sensitive switch: this kind of switch is completed by a three-layer structure. There is a support lattice between the upper layer and the base layer conductive sheet. Computer keyboard is generally this kind of structure. In fact, it is still the same type as the touch switch, but people can hardly feel the journey.

  5. Capacitive touch switch: the capacitor composed of specially shaped PCB (printed circuit board) is used as the trigger condition for touch. Generally, the rigid FR-4 substrate is used. The capacitive touch plate made of this material has a small capacitance base, obvious capacitance change after touch and good function. A slope circuit or frequency voltage conversion circuit is used to judge the change of capacitance and determine whether there is finger touch. This is a better one, which is adopted on the iPod. But it also has the risk of electrostatic breakdown due to the high impedance of the front end.

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